Many people may not be fully aware of the differences between nylon, Nylex, and cellophane, or how to choose the right product for their needs. This topic often becomes confusing and common for discussion. In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive explanation of these materials, including their definitions, applications, and distinctions between nylon and Nylex.
From a technical perspective, nylon is a thermoplastic material made from petrochemical derivatives. It belongs to a group of synthetic polymers known as linear polyamides with high molecular weight.
Nylons are typically semi-crystalline and very tough materials that exist in various grades. The most common types used as engineering plastics include Nylon 6, Nylon 66, and Nylon 6.12. These three types exhibit good resistance to most chemicals. Nylons can also be mixed with fillers like glass or oil to enhance specific performance characteristics.
Nylon is one of the most versatile synthetic materials due to its wide range of applications in everyday life. This material has become an integral part of human life, penetrating various industries. Examples include nylon carpets in homes, toothbrush bristles made of nylon, kitchen utensils, and even nylon umbrellas to protect against sunlight or rain.
One of the most well-known uses of nylon is in women’s hosiery or the sock-making industry. Additionally, nylon is used in the production of clothing, swimwear, trousers, luggage, umbrellas, tarpaulins, wedding dresses, fabrics, and bed linens. Less common applications include vests, parachutes, and combat uniforms.
In Iran, Nylex refers to heavy polyethylene films, though in other countries, it does not carry the same meaning. Nylex is composed of two components: high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Due to the rigidity, impact resistance, and thinness of these films—as well as their lower toughness and clarity compared to nylons—about 20% LDPE is added to improve glossiness, softness, and sealing properties.
Nylex films are produced in various thicknesses. Unlike nylons, Nylex films have a dull surface and do not reflect light. Moreover, they are difficult to alter.
The origin of the term “Nylex” for plastic products remains unclear. However, according to anecdotal accounts, this name was adopted by Mr. Manouchehri, the founder of the Nylex company, for his products in the past.
Previously, most garbage bags and plastic shopping bags were made from LDPE. However, today, these plastic bags—used for garbage, easier transportation of goods, and food packaging—are commonly referred to as Nylex bags.
The general public often holds misconceptions about the term “cellophane.” People mistakenly use the term for two types of plastic: one being stretch nylon wrap and the other food-grade packaging plastic. Below, we will fully explain the concept of cellophane and its types.
The term “cellophane” carries two different meanings in the Iranian market and globally. Essentially, polymer films are categorized into three types: natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic. In the domestic market, cellophane is produced from transparent, glassy films based on polypropylene. The production process involves extruding molten material through a mold, cooling it using cold water, and then converting it into an amorphous state. Producing cellophane from polypropylene is costly, and the product may turn yellowish over time.
Cellophane’s low permeability to air, oils, grease, bacteria, and water makes it an excellent choice for food packaging. Its applications include transparent packaging for food, dried fruits, flowers, table and chair covers, and book covers.
Despite declining sales since the 1960s due to newer packaging options, cellophane remains 100% biodegradable, which has increased its popularity for food packaging. Therefore, cellophane is an excellent breathable option for food packaging, though it is not recommended for long-term food storage as its breathability may reduce the shelf life of food products.
Cellophane is a better environmental choice since, unlike plastic bags or polypropylene, it fully decomposes in landfills.
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